Aryan History
Evolution of Sanskrit

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Sanskrit is a language which is mother of all languages. Sanskrit, S-a-n-s-k-r-i-t, Sanskrit language. So this is the original language of this..., not only of this planet. In other planets also, this language is spoken. - Swami Prabhpada

Many people in India are familiar with the Indiana Jones of the famous Hollywood series, but not with Sir William Jones, who lived in India for 11 years from 1783 and introduced to Europe the antiquity and true merits of  Indian literature, languages, history and culture. 

He originally went to India to work as a supreme Court Judge in Calcutta. Proficient in many European and Asian languages from an early age, he developed an interest in the study of Indian culture and civilization. He found an outlet to his enlightened interests in the form of the Asiatic Society of Bengal in Calcutta, which he established in 1784, with the support of his friends and colleagues. 

During this period, he made an exhaustive study of Indian history and literature and published many books and papers of great merit on a wide range of subjects, which were published  subsequently in 1807, in Europe, into 13 volumes. Among the many projects he undertook, worth mentioning were his translation of the Manu Smriti, some translations of the woks of Kalidasa, translation of the Gita Govinda of Jaideva, his studies of Indian plants and animal species, his exploration of Indian astronomy and ancient Indian sciences, his paper on the Indian Classical Music delivered to an European audience and so on.  Sir Jones was the first to suggest that Sanskrit originated from the same source as Latin, Greek and Persian, thus laying the foundation for the comparative study of what we now refer as the Indo European languages.

In 1786, while delivering his third lecture, Sir William made the following statement which aroused the curiosity of many scholars and finally led to the emergence of comparative linguistics. Noticing the similarities between Sanskrit and the Classical Languages of Europe such as Greek and Latin  he declared:

"The Sanskcrit language, whatever be its antiquity, is of wonderful structure; more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a stronger affinity, both in the roots of verbs and in the forms of grammar, than could not possibly have been produced by accident; so strong indeed, that no philologer could examine them all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source which, perhaps, no longer exists; there is a similar reason, though not quite so forcible, for supposing that both the Gothick and the Celtick, though blended with a very different idiom, had the same origin with the Sanskcrit; and the old Persian might be added to the same family..." (Jones, Collected Works, Volume III : 34-5).

The Sanskrit:

The statement of Sir Jones was both revelatory and revolutionary. It shook the foundations of the age old European belief that Hebrew was the source languages of all the world languages and introduced a new concept which,  a few decades later in the 19th century,  led to the comparative study of the origin and evolution of all the Indo European languages that possible came from a common source, now referred as the Sanskrit.

The Pioneers:

Prominent among those who did the pioneering work in this field were the Danish philologist named Rasmus Rask (1818),  the German philologist named Franz Bopp, (1791- 1837), Fick August, Ferdinand de Saussure, Jacob Grimm, Karl Brugmann of the neogrammarian school and many more. Later Will Durant did a research in this field and his reseach was a Bomb Shell for the entire world. In his book "Story Of Civilization" Will Durant clearly states that Sanskrit is the mother of European Languages and India is the Mother of Civilization. Will Durant is one of the most respect personality World wide. It was no later than 1981 when finally world aproved that Sanskrit was the mother of all languages and its homeland was India. The Fact that comes to light here is that all the World knows the might of India but do the Arays know about themselves.

Major Languages of the World Family

The most important language family of today

An image of the alphabet and vowel system and certain apbhranshas of the Sanskrit language are found in every language of the world because Sanskrit is the first language of the earth planet. Its apbhranshas are seen more in the languages of the European family because these countries had more frequent trade connections with India, and thus, the people of these countries also had social connections with India to some extent. Thats why Pahlavi of Persia had lots of Sanskrit apbhransh words in it.

* Next to the name of each language their alphabetic system is also mentioned.
** Indian languages: Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati, Marathi and South Indian languages are the descendants of Sanskrit language. Sindhi and Punjabi are the derivatives of Hindi and Urdu languages.